Indigo Bush

Dalea pulchra

About the Plant

Indigo bush, also called bush dalea and Santa Catalina prairie clover, is a small, evergreen shrub native to southern Arizona. It is common in the foothills of both the Rincon and Santa Catalina Mountains. It blooms reliably in spring, but after wet summers it can bloom again in fall, usually October and November.

Grow indigo bush in full sun and well-drained soils. Plan for this plant to grow to 5 feet x 5 feet - give it ample room and limit pruning, as the natural shape is attractive.  Indigo bush is drought tolerant but in a landscape situation it appreciates extra water every couple of weeks in summer to prevent leaf drop. Excessive irrigation will make the plant tall, floppy, and unattractive. Give indigo bush a spot it likes and it will slowly reseed nearby.

Notes

  • You can distinguish this species from other shrubby daleas such as Dalea formosa (featherplume dalea) and Dalea frutescens (black dalea, a fall bloomer) by its very silvery foliage.
  • Indigo bush is also called "pretty dalea", a direct translation of the scientific name: pulchra means pretty.

Wildlife value:

  • attracts bees
  • larval plant for the caterpillars of Reakirt's blue and Southern dogface butterflies

More Information

Weekly Plant on Daleas

Horticultural information from ASU

Map of distribution in US

Technical botanical description from SEINet

In books:

Native Plants for Southwestern Landscapes by Judy Mielke, page 122

Trees and Shrubs for the Southwest by Mary Irish, page 172

ID Characteristics

This plant is in the Fabaceae - the legume (pea and bean) family.
Indigo bush is a small shrub that grows no more than 5 feet x 5 feet, often less when growing without irrigation. The form is upright to rounded and the lower stems often lack leaves. It can flower from October through March, with fall bloom depending on rainfall and the heaviest flowering in spring.
The alternate leaves are only a half inch long, typically with 5-7, occasionally 9, leaflets (fewer leaflets on leaves near the ends of the stems). The leaflets are covered with silky, shiny silvery-gray hairs that lie close to the leaf surface. There are rounded glands, most easily seen on the underside of the leaflets. You can see the round glands on the leaf immediately to the left of the flower head (click on photo to enlarge). Rubbing the leaf will release a lightly scented oil from the glands.
The flower heads are dense and rounded, about half an inch wide and initially no more than half an inch high. In the photos above and below, you can see all the dense hairs on the sepals.
The flowers lowest in the cluster open first. The upper petal, the banner, is white often with yellow markings. As the flower ages, the banner may become reddish.  The 4 lower petals are purplish, some may see the color as pink. As more flowers open, the flower head gradually elongates. The fruit is small, about 1/10 of an inch, and contains only one seed.